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Teeth Names and Functions
Teeth play a crucial role in everyday life, helping us eat, speak, smile, and maintain the shape of our face. Each type of tooth has a unique name and function. Here’s a detailed look at human teeth, their structure, and their roles.
Structure of Teeth
Teeth are composed of several layers:
- Enamel: The hardest substance in the human body, forming the tooth’s outermost layer.
- Dentin: Found beneath the enamel, softer but essential for tooth structure.
- Pulp: The innermost layer containing nerves and blood vessels, keeping the tooth alive.
- Cementum: A layer that covers the tooth root and helps anchor it in place under the gums.
Types of Teeth
1. Incisors
- Function: Biting and cutting food into small pieces.
- Description: Flat, thin-edged teeth located at the front of the mouth.
- Count: Eight (four in each jaw, two central and two lateral).
2. Canines
- Function: Tearing and gripping food.
- Description: Sharp, pointed teeth located beside the incisors.
- Count: Four (two in each jaw).
3. Premolars
- Function: Chewing and grinding food.
- Description: Larger than canines, with ridges on their surface.
- Count: Eight in adults; children do not have premolars.
4. Molars
- Function: Crushing and grinding food.
- Description: Broad, flat surfaces with ridges.
- Count:
- Adults: 12 molars (including wisdom teeth).
- Children: Eight molars.
Wisdom Teeth
- Also called third molars, they typically emerge between ages 17–21.
- Not everyone develops wisdom teeth, and some remain unerupted.
- Impacted wisdom teeth can cause pain, swelling, or infection and may need removal.
Baby Teeth vs. Permanent Teeth
- Baby Teeth:
- Total: 20.
- First appear around 6 months and are usually complete by age 3.
- Begin to fall out around age 6, making way for permanent teeth.
- Permanent Teeth:
- Total: 32, including wisdom teeth.
- Fully developed by the early 20s.
Teeth Eruption Timelines
Baby Teeth Eruption and Loss
| Type | Eruption Age | Loss Age |
|---|---|---|
| Central Incisor | 6–12 months | 6–7 years |
| Lateral Incisor | 9–13 months | 7–8 years |
| Canine | 16–22 months | 10–12 years |
| First Molar | 13–19 months | 9–11 years |
| Second Molar | 23–33 months | 10–12 years |
Permanent Teeth Eruption
| Type | Eruption Age |
|---|---|
| Central Incisor | 6–8 years |
| Lateral Incisor | 7–9 years |
| Canine | 9–12 years |
| First Premolar | 10–11 years |
| Second Premolar | 10–12 years |
| First Molar | 6–7 years |
| Second Molar | 12–13 years |
| Wisdom Teeth | 17–21 years |
Maintaining Healthy Teeth
To keep your teeth strong and healthy:
- Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.
- Floss at least once a day.
- Eat a balanced diet and limit sugary foods.
- Visit the dentist regularly for cleanings and checkups.
Taking care of your teeth ensures a lifetime of healthy smiles!
For more oral care tips, visit:
How to Prevent Cavities: Tips and Tricks